Proper Use of Antibiotics

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Antibiotics are medicines that help your body fight infections caused by bacteria. They can treat common illnesses such as strep throat, some ear infections, and urinary tract infections. However, antibiotics are ineffective against viruses, such as colds or the flu. Taking them only when needed—and exactly as prescribed—helps keep them working when we really need them. Learn how antibiotics fight infection, when they’re the right choice, and what you can do to protect your health and the health of others.

Why is it important to use them correctly?

Incorrect use can cause resistance: When antibiotics are used unnecessarily or instructions from the doctor are not followed, bacteria can become stronger and more difficult to treat.
It can affect your health and your family’s health: Antibiotic resistance means that common infections will be harder to cure in the future.
Risk of side effects: Taking antibiotics without need can cause adverse reactions or allergies.

When should you use antibiotics?

Antibiotics should be used only for bacterial infections confirmed by a healthcare professional.
Antibiotics should NOT be used for the flu or common cold, which are usually caused by viruses.

What to do if you have access to antibiotics without a prescription?

Do NOT self-medicate. Always consult a doctor or pharmacist before taking antibiotics.
Do NOT share antibiotics with family or friends.
Do NOT save leftover antibiotics to use later.

What are some tips for the safe use of antibiotics?

Follow your doctor's instructions; take them exactly as prescribed.
Complete the entire course of treatment, even if you feel better before the prescription is finished.
Do not insist on antibiotics if your doctor says you don’t need them.

How can I protect my health and my community?

Responsible use of antibiotics helps keep these medicines effective for everyone.

To learn more about antibiotic prescriptions and use, visit www.cdc.gov/antibiotic-use or call 1-800-CDC-INFO. To read more about the proper use of antibiotics and when antibiotics are effective, click here.